Custom 3-Axis CNC Router

### Portable 3-Axis CNC Router

I designed and built a compact 3-axis CNC router from the ground up as a hands-on exploration of mechanical design, electronics, motion control, and digital manufacturing. The machine uses aluminum extrusion, custom 3D-printed components, lead-screw-driven linear motion, and stepper motors to accurately position the cutting tool along the X, Y, and Z axes. I created the mechanical assembly in CAD, selected and integrated the electronic components, assembled the wiring, and programmed an ESP32-based controller to operate the machine using G-code.

The router has a work area of approximately 4.5 × 6.5 inches and was designed to be portable, affordable, and easy to manufacture using commonly available parts. Throughout the project, I worked through challenges involving frame rigidity, axis alignment, backlash, motor calibration, homing, limit switches, and reliable communication between the software and hardware. The completed prototype demonstrated my ability to take a complex electromechanical system from an initial concept through design, fabrication, assembly, programming, and testing.